Antibodyes

Description: 108321-12-6

Description: 108321-12-6

Description: 108321-12-6

Description: ELISA

Description: ELISA

Description: ELISA

Description: ELISA

Description: Cell surface receptor implicated in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Generally accepted to have an inhibiting function. Reports on stimulating functions suggest that the activity may be influenced by the cellular context and/or the respective ligand. Regulates macrophage activation. Inhibits T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1)-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses and promotes immunological tolerance. In CD8+ cells attenuates TCR-induced signaling, specifically by blocking NF-kappaB and NFAT promoter activities resulting in the loss of IL-2 secretion. The function may implicate its association with LCK proposed to impair phosphorylation of TCR subunits, and/or LGALS9-dependent recruitment of PTPRC to the immunological synapse.

Description: Transcriptional regulator ATRX contains an ATPase / helicase domain, and thus it belongs to the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodeling proteins. This protein is found to undergo cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation, which regulates its nuclear matrix and chromatin association, and suggests its involvement in the gene regulation at interphase and chromosomal segregation in mitosis. Mutations of the ATRX gene are associated with an X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) syndrome most often accompanied by alpha-thalassemia (ATRX) syndrome. These mutations have been shown to cause diverse changes in the pattern of DNA methylation, which may provide a link between chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and gene expression in developmental processes.

Description: CD34 is a heavily glycosylated type I transmembrane molecule, that can be phoshorylated by a variety of kinases including Protein kinase C and Tyrosine kinases. CD34 antigen is expressed on small vessel endothelial cells and tumors of epithelial origin. CD34 is possibly an adhesion molecule with a putative role in early hematopoiesis by mediating the attachment of stem cells to the bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. It could act as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. So CD34 is considered to be ideal marker for identifying and quantifying hematopoietic progenitor stem cells. With interaction with CrkL, CD34 becomes a substrate for PKC and CD34 surface expression is associated with activation of PKC.

Description: MyD88 Monoclonal Antibody: The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 induced cellular response requires IL-1 receptor complex including IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP. MyD88 has been identified as an adapter molecule in the IL-1 signaling pathway. MyD88 associates with and recruits IRAK to the IL-1 receptor complex in response to IL-1 treatment and dominant negative form of MyD88 attenuates IL-1R-mediated NF-κB activation. MyD88 is also employed as a regulator molecule by IL-18 receptor and human Toll receptor, which are members in the Toll/IL-1R family of receptors. Targeted disruption of the MyD88 gene results in lose of cellular responses to IL-1 and IL-18, and MyD88-deficient mice lack responses to bacterial product LPS that employs Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) as the signaling receptors. MyD88 is a general adapter protein for the Toll/IL-1R family of receptors and plays an important role in the inflammatory response induced by cytokines IL-1 and IL-18 and endotoxin. MyD88 gene is expressed in many tissues.

Description: MyD88 Monoclonal Antibody: The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 induced cellular response requires IL-1 receptor complex including IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP. MyD88 has been identified as an adapter molecule in the IL-1 signaling pathway. MyD88 associates with and recruits IRAK to the IL-1 receptor complex in response to IL-1 treatment and dominant negative form of MyD88 attenuates IL-1R-mediated NF-κB activation. MyD88 is also employed as a regulator molecule by IL-18 receptor and human Toll receptor, which are members in the Toll/IL-1R family of receptors. Targeted disruption of the MyD88 gene results in lose of cellular responses to IL-1 and IL-18, and MyD88-deficient mice lack responses to bacterial product LPS that employs Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) as the signaling receptors. MyD88 is a general adapter protein for the Toll/IL-1R family of receptors and plays an important role in the inflammatory response induced by cytokines IL-1 and IL-18 and endotoxin. MyD88 gene is expressed in many tissues.

Description: Huntington disease is associated with the expansion of a polyglutamine tract, greater than 35 repeats, in the HD gene product huntingtin. HIP1 (huntingtin-interacting protein 1), a membrane-associated protein, binds specifically to the N-terminus of human huntingtin. HIP1 is ubiquitously expressed in different brain regions at low levels, and exhibits nearly identical subcellular fractionation as huntingtin. The huntingtin-HIP1 interaction is restricted to the brain and is inversely correlated to the polyglutamine length in the huntingtin, suggesting that loss of normal huntingtin-HIP1 interaction may compromise the membrane-cytoskeletal integrity in the brain. HIP1 contains an endocytic multidomain protein with a C-terminal Actin-binding domain, a central coiled-coil forming region and an N-terminal ENTH domain. HIP1 may be involved in vesicle trafficking; the structural integrity of HIP1 is crucial for maintenance of normal vesicle size in vivo. HIP12 is a non-proapoptotic member of the HIP gene family that is expressed in the brain and shares a similar subcellular distribution pattern with HIP1. However, HIP12 differs from HIP1 in its pattern of expression at both the mRNA and protein level. HIP12 does not directly interact with huntingtin but can interact with HIP1.

Description: Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. Required for S-phase checkpoint activation upon UV-induced damage. Early fractionation of eukaryotic MCM proteins yielded a variety of dimeric, trimeric and tetrameric complexes with unclear biological significance. Specifically a MCM467 subcomplex is shown to have in vitro helicase activity which is inhibited by the MCM2 subunit. The MCM2-7 hexamer is the proposed physiological active complex.

Description: CD80/B7-1 is a molecule found on activated B cells and monocytes which provides a costimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation and survival. After engagement of T-cell receptor with antigen in association with major histocompatibility complex class II, a second signal mediated through the binding of B7 to CD28 greatly upregulates the production of multiple lymphokines. B7-1 is a costimulatory molecule for the activation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes that prevents the induction of clonal anergy. Thus, the transfer of B7-1 genes into tumor cells can induce protective immunity and lead to tumor rejection of some tumors in model systems of in vivo tumor growth.

Description: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a member of the DNA sliding clamp family of proteins that assist in DNA replication. Crystal structure data suggests that a PCNA homotrimer ring can encircle and slide along the DNA double helix. Multiple proteins involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, and cell cycle control bind to PCNA rather than directly associating with DNA, thus facilitating fast processing of DNA. PCNA protein expression is a well-accepted marker of proliferation.

Description: GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. It participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. GAPDH is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate.

Description: GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. It participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. GAPDH is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate.

Description: USP21 (Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 21) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with USP21 include Neurodevelopmental Disorder With Spasticity And Poor Growth. Among its related pathways are TNF signaling (REACTOME) and Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include transcription coactivator activity and cysteine-type peptidase activity. An important paralog of this gene is USP2. Deubiquitinates histone H2A, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression, thereby acting as a coactivator. Deubiquitination of histone H2A releaves the repression of di- and trimethylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-4', resulting in regulation of transcriptional initiation. Regulates gene expression via histone H2A deubiquitination. Also capable of removing NEDD8 from NEDD8 conjugates but has no effect on Sentrin-1 conjugates. Deubiquitinates BAZ2A/TIP5 leading to its stabilization.

Description: Specific cells in the midline separate the left and right halves of the central nervous system and play many roles in guiding the growth cone behavior. In vertebrate spinal cord, insect abdominal nerves and nematodes, midline cells produce induced cues, such as nectins and slits, respectively, as attractants and repellents. respectively. These cells can serve as gatekeepers to prevent axons from passing through the midline and to guide the growth cone in response to the switching of lead cues beyond the crossing. One such gatherer, Robo, is an axon guidance receptor that defines a new subfamily of proteins from fruit flies to mammalian conserved Ig superfamily proteins. Robo acts as a receptor for the repellent Slit and functions in a cell-autonomous manner Non-intersecting axons express high levels of Robo and cross axons to express low levels of Robo and then reach midline and high levels of crossover. Robo1 and Robo2 are two human homologs of Drosophila megalopolis. Robo1 is also homologous to the C. elegans gene sax3, while Robo2 is homologous to zebrafish genes.

Description: Vinculin is a cytoskeletal protein that plays an important role in the regulation of focal adhesions and embryonic development (1). Three structural vinculin domains include an amino-terminal head, a short flexible proline-rich region and a carboxy-terminal tail (2). Expression of vinculin were shown to be affected by the level of actin expression (2,3). Vinculin deficiencies are associated with a decrease in cell adhesion and an increase in cell motility, suggesting a possible role in metastatic growth (4). Defects in VCL are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1W (CMD1W) (5).

Description: Vinculin is a cytoskeletal protein that plays an important role in the regulation of focal adhesions and embryonic development (1). Three structural vinculin domains include an amino-terminal head, a short flexible proline-rich region and a carboxy-terminal tail (2). Expression of vinculin were shown to be affected by the level of actin expression (2,3). Vinculin deficiencies are associated with a decrease in cell adhesion and an increase in cell motility, suggesting a possible role in metastatic growth (4). Defects in VCL are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1W (CMD1W) (5).