natural biomacromolecules such as structural proteins and polysaccharides composed of the basic building blocks of life: amino acids and carbohydrates. Understand their molecular structure, self-assembly and interaction in solvents such as ionic liquids (ILS) is very important to release new material flora, revolutionizing the way we make multi-structural systems and multi-functional with tunable physicochemical properties.
Ionic liquids are superior to organic solvents because they do not produce unwanted by-products and is considered a green replacement for their reusability. In addition, they will significantly improve the biopolymer miscibility with other materials while maintaining the mechanical properties of the biopolymer in the final product. Understanding and controlling the physicochemical properties of the biopolymer in an ionic liquid matrix will be very important for the progress leading to the ability to create powerful multi-level 1D structural fiber material.
It will also help to predict the relationship between fiber and protein secondary structure conformation or carbohydrate crystallinity, thereby creating potential applications for cell growth signaling, ionic conductivity, liquid diffusion and thermal conductivity, and some applications in the biomedical and environmental sciences. It will also enable the regeneration of the biopolymer composite fiber materials with useful functionality and a customized selection is important for additive manufacturing.
Specific skills fiber materials have proven to vary based on their fabrication methods including electrospinning and post-treatment. This review serves to provide basic knowledge is commonly used in protein and polysaccharide biopolymer and method of fabrication of their fiber from a variety of ionic liquids, as well as the effect of post-treatment on fiber materials and their applications in biomedical research and pharmaceuticals, wound healing, filter environmental and chemical research sustainable and green.
Protein and Polysaccharide-Based Fiber Materials Generated from Ionic Liquids: A Review
Increased absorption of phenol solution using a modified silver nanoparticles Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbon
Modified Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbon (PKSAC) use silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP-PKSAC) investigated the uptake of phenol from aqueous solution. The effect of temperature (500-700 ° C), time (90-120 minutes), and alkali concentration (0.1-0.5 M) were studied on yield and methylene blue number for synthesis.
The influence of the initial concentration (100-200 mg / L), agitation (150-250 rpm), the contact time (30-120 minutes), and adsorbent dosage (0.15 to 0.25 g) were studied in batch experiments on the percentage elimination of phenol , MCC, char, PKSAC and Ag-NP-PKSAC characterized using BET, FTIR, SEM, and the proximate analysis. Synthesis PKSAC optimum at 608 ° C, 0.5 M KOH, and carbonization holding time of 60 minutes.
Description: This product includes one 96-well plate with 96 protein folding solutions, 0.5 ml in each well of the mother plate; 1.4 ml of Inclusion Body Solubilizer; 4 ml of Neutralizer. Each experiment uses 0.1 ml of the solutions from the mother plate. Each mother plate contains 0.5 ml of solutions in each well and can be used for multiple experiments of folding various proteins.
Description: The Radius Cell Migration Assay provides a unique alternative to conventional cell migration assays using the Boyden chamber. Unlike Boyden chamber assays which may only be analyzed at endpoint, the Radius assay uses a proprietary cell culture plate containing a carefully-defined biocompatible hydrogel (Radius gel) spot centralized at the bottom of each well. When cells are seeded in the well, they will attach everywhere except on the Radius gel, creating a cell-free zone. Following cell seeding the Radius gel is removed, allowing migratory cells to move across the area and close the gap.
Description: The Radius Cell Migration Assay provides a unique alternative to conventional cell migration assays using the Boyden chamber. Unlike Boyden chamber assays which may only be analyzed at endpoint, the Radius assay uses a proprietary cell culture plate containing a carefully-defined biocompatible hydrogel (Radius gel) spot centralized at the bottom of each well. When cells are seeded in the well, they will attach everywhere except on the Radius gel, creating a cell-free zone. Following cell seeding the Radius gel is removed, allowing migratory cells to move across the area and close the gap.
Description: Our CytoSelect 96-Well Cell Transformation Assay (Soft Agar Colony Formation) is suitable for measuring cell transformation where no downstream analysis is required. Cells are incubated in a semisolid agar medium for 7-8 days. The cells are then solubilized, lysed and detected using the included fluorescent dye in a fluorometric plate reader.
Description: Our CytoSelect 96-Well Cell Transformation Assay (Soft Agar Colony Formation) is suitable for measuring cell transformation where no downstream analysis is required. Cells are incubated in a semisolid agar medium for 7-8 days. The cells are then solubilized, lysed and detected using the included fluorescent dye in a fluorometric plate reader.
Description: Phagocytosis can be assayed by measuring the engulfment of a cell "substrate". However, traditional assays require tedious cell counting under a microscope. Our CytoSelect 96-Well Phagocytosis Assay, Zymosan Substrate provides a more accurate, user-friendly, high-throughput alternative to the standard phagocytosis assay. The assay may be adapted for use with 24-well or 48-well plates.
Description: Phagocytosis can be assayed by measuring the engulfment of a cell "substrate". However, traditional assays require tedious cell counting under a microscope. Our CytoSelect 96-Well Phagocytosis Assay, Zymosan Substrate provides a more accurate, user-friendly, high-throughput alternative to the standard phagocytosis assay. The assay may be adapted for use with 24-well or 48-well plates.
Description: Our OxiSelect 96-Well Comet Assay Kits provide a higher-throughput way to screen for general DNA damage, regardless of the source or nature of the damage. Kits contain Comet Slides, reagents, and a fluorescent dye to visualize cells under an epifluorescence microscope.
Description: Our OxiSelect 96-Well Comet Assay Kits provide a higher-throughput way to screen for general DNA damage, regardless of the source or nature of the damage. Kits contain Comet Slides, reagents, and a fluorescent dye to visualize cells under an epifluorescence microscope.
Description: The OxiSelect Comet Assay Slides are useful as a screening tool for various types of DNA damage. Slides are specially treated for adhesion of low-melting agarose. Easily visualize results by epifluorescence microscopy.
Description: The OxiSelect Comet Assay Slides are useful as a screening tool for various types of DNA damage. Slides are specially treated for adhesion of low-melting agarose. Easily visualize results by epifluorescence microscopy.
Description: Rho-associated Kinase (ROCK) mediates Rho signaling and reorganizes the actin cytoskeleton by phosphorylation of several substrates that contribute to the assembly of actin filaments and contractility. ROCK inactivates myosin phosphatase through the specific phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) at Thr-696, which results in an increase in the phosphorylated content of the 20-kDa myosin light chain (MLC20). Our 96-Well ROCK Activity Assay Kit uses a safe, non-radioactive format to measure the level of active Rho Kinase in cell or tissue lysates. The kit contains a strip-well plate pre-coated with recombinant MYPT1.
Description: Rho-associated Kinase (ROCK) mediates Rho signaling and reorganizes the actin cytoskeleton by phosphorylation of several substrates that contribute to the assembly of actin filaments and contractility. ROCK inactivates myosin phosphatase through the specific phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) at Thr-696, which results in an increase in the phosphorylated content of the 20-kDa myosin light chain (MLC20). Our 96-Well ROCK Activity Assay Kit uses a safe, non-radioactive format to measure the level of active Rho Kinase in cell or tissue lysates. The kit contains a strip-well plate pre-coated with recombinant MYPT1.
Description: Adhesion to the extraceullular matrix is essential for the survival and propagation of many adherent cells. Apoptosis resulting from the loss of adhesion to the ECM is known as anoikis. Anoikis is involved in the physiological processes of tissue renewal and cell homeostasis. Our CytoSelect Anoikis Assays allow you to quantify and monitor anoikis in cells using a precoated plate. Live cells can be viewed under a microscope and quantified on a plate reader by MTT (colorimetric) or Calcein AM (fluorometric); both reagents are included in the kit. Dead cells are detected with the red EthD-1 reagent, also included.
Description: Our 96-well Checkpoint Kinase Activity Assay Kit provides a non-isotopic, sensitive and specific method to monitor checkpoint kinase activity using its physiological substrate; it can also be used in screening checkpoint kinase inhibitors.
Description: Our 96-well Checkpoint Kinase Activity Assay Kit provides a non-isotopic, sensitive and specific method to monitor checkpoint kinase activity using its physiological substrate; it can also be used in screening checkpoint kinase inhibitors.
Description: Wizard Classic 3 and 4 96 Well Matrix Block Plate (96 formulations 1.7 mL volumes in a 96-Well block plate)
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Phenol optimum absorption was 85.64, 90.29 and 91.70% for PKSAC, Ag-NP-PKSAC and commercial adsorbents, respectively. The mechanism of phenol adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm and best described as a physio-absorption by the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Phenol showed high affinity (ΔS ° = 0.0079 kJ / mol K) for Ag-NP-PKSAC with favorable adsorption (AG ° = -1.551 kJ / mol) at high temperature for the endothermic (ΔH ° = 1.072 kJ / mol) properties system. The results obtained in this study compares favorably with literature.
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